Understanding Diabetes and Kidney Diseases - Symptoms & Treatment

Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure, significantly affecting the long-term prognosis of individuals with kidney disease. Dr. Mahesh Prasad, in his latest webinar session on Kidney Health, sheds light on the prevalence, symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of kidney failure in diabetic patients. You can watch the full webinar here:  https://www.youtube.com/hw_rtg9wLSw?si=d3XENi16uCYJM7OI

Prevalence of Kidney Failure in Diabetes

Approximately 30-40% of diabetic patients develop kidney dysfunction. The majority of diabetic kidney diseases progress to advanced kidney failure rapidly.

Kidney Failure Symptoms

Kidney failure is often asymptomatic until it reaches an advanced stage. Recognisable symptoms include swelling in the feet and face, frothy or bubbly urine, difficulty in controlling blood pressure, joint pain, low haemoglobin, nausea, reduced appetite, dry skin, itching, and decreased urine output.

Kidney failure accelerates cardiovascular complications in diabetes. This leads to many premature cardiac events.

Diagnosis of Diabetic Kidney Disease

Early diagnosis is possible with the help of simple urine and blood test. Urine tests measure the amount of protein in urine as an early marker of kidney dysfunction. Blood tests, such as serum creatinine and cystatin C, serve as specific markers for kidney diseases. Regular annual urine and blood tests are essential for all diabetic patients.

Prognosis of Kidney Failure in Diabetes

Diabetic kidney disease is associated with a poor prognosis. Many diabetic patients experience major heart and brain-related complications, drastically reducing overall survival.

Treatment Options for Diabetic Kidney Diseases

Early diagnosis plays a crucial role in managing the condition effectively. Specific medications are available that can delay or stabilise the disease and its complications.

Preventing Diabetic Kidney Disease

Managing blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels is crucial in reducing the risk. Target levels for treatment: HbA1C < 7%, BP < 130/90, LDL cholesterol < 100 mg/dL. Avoiding high salt and tobacco intake to slow down kidney damage. Refraining from painkillers, untested herbs, metal-containing drugs and recreational drugs. Emphasising proper hydration, a balanced diet, and regular exercise as essential prevention strategies.

Kidney Transplant for Diabetic Patients

A kidney transplant is not only the best option but significantly improves the quality and quantity of life. All diabetic patients with advanced kidney failure should consider transplantation as a superior alternative to dialysis.

If you or a loved one are experiencing any symptoms, book an appointment with Dr. K Mahesh Prasad - Consultant, Nephrology, at P. D. Hinduja Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Mahim, Mumbai contact: 022 6766 8181/022 4510 8181